Warren Farrell, Ph.D.
The Pay Gap: If It’s About Discrimination, Why Are Young Urban Women Earning More?

A New York Times front page headline today tells us that “For Young Earners in Big City, Gap Shifts in Women’s Favor.” The big surprise? New York City women between 21 and 30 working full-time made 117% of men’s wages. Everyone is wondering why. Here’s why, for starters…

When I did the research for Why Men Earn More (AMACOM) in 2005, I discovered that nationwide never-married women who had never had children earned 117% of the wages of never-married men who had never had children. New York City women in their twenties are less likely to have married or had children than women in their twenties who live in suburban and rural areas. The overall pay gap with men earning more is not about discrimination; it is mostly about the division of labor once children arrive.

The usual men-earn-more pay gap is also about trade-offs. The road to high pay is a toll road. On average, men are more willing to pay the tolls of the more hazardous jobs (accounting for 94% of workplace deaths), to work on commission, relocate overseas, travel overnight and travel weekends (approximately 90% of the most frequent flyers are men), work late nights and night shifts, work weekends, intensify their work commitment during child-raising years, work in engineering, computer sciences, technology and the hard sciences where the supply doesn’t match the demand, and do all of the twenty-five most important trade-offs that on average lead to men earning more.

The good news is that any woman can learn to out-earn men should she be willing to make more of the twenty-five trade-offs than the average man makes.

www.warrenfarrell.com

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18 Comments »

  1. scottkirk said,

    Mr.farrel..I know of no other man who makes as a substantial buttress against the feminist juggernaut as youreself..Youre a rare man in modern America, and we may not see a comporeable man for many generations!!

    Youre book “the myth of male power “saved my life!! thank you sir for being bold enough to stand firmly in the face of the feminist juggernaut, and not flinch!!!

    August 4, 2007 at 12:14 am

  2. scottkirk said,

    May i be so bold to suggest that a young mens rights activist’s education is simply incomplete without reading warren farrels “the myth of male power”.

    August 4, 2007 at 12:33 am

  3. Joi said,

    woman good man bad

    August 4, 2007 at 2:36 am

  4. DaPoet said,

    Of course these single women out earning men are biological failures having failed to reproduce by waiting until they are no longer fertile nor desirable as a mate…Resulting in their ending up in their old age just as alone and bitter as the character in Charles Dickens story entitled: A Christmas Carol…

    On the other hand the growing earning power of women lies more in the fact that more and more companies today are being forced to diversify their labor forces, as well as to promote women and other minority groups into higher paying jobs wether they are more or just as qualified or not as their white male counterparts, in order to avoid expensive legal wrangling in court due to false accusations of sexual and labor discrimination…

    While black females are known as a twofer because hiring one over a more qualified male wether black or white allows the company to show that it is dedicated to following the dictates of the feminist adgenda and keep the EOC off their backs and their corporate bank accounts…Which means that it is the black female who has benefited more from the civil rights movement then her brothers and of course these women are averse to marrying a black male who doesn’t earn more than she does…

    August 4, 2007 at 5:00 am

  5. amfortas said,

    DaPoet makes several good points but the first is naive. Who is to make the judgement about biological success? At the end of the day, we are all just biological cannon-fodder. In 200,000 years (or whenever) when the last batch of humans achieves trancendance, leaving the rest of us in the same position as apes to current humans, they will be able to claim biological success! :)

    August 4, 2007 at 5:56 am

  6. mruffolo said,

    I’d like to examine the data.

    Which jobs do women earn 117% compared to men’s 100%? Does the study compare apples to apples, for example, a woman telephone worker to a male telephone worker and a woman sewer worker to a male sewer worker and a woman mover to a male mover (mover of furniture to a new home)?

    August 4, 2007 at 8:56 am

  7. Dittohd said,

    Why is the above revelation that in some instances, women are making a lot more than men, looked upon as a good thing? This looks to me like a problem that needs to be fixed.

    August 4, 2007 at 10:50 am

  8. Virtue said,

    Just another example of the princess pass.

    August 4, 2007 at 4:08 pm

  9. WLS said,

    The supply versus demand problem for jobs in engineering and other technical fields—that foreign guestworkers are preferred or the work is offshored—hits hardest men over 30, but the evident fact that one at best can look forward to a very short career is depressing enrollment in colleges in these traditionally male fields, and may account for much of the 38% rate of degrees for men versus 53% for woman in New York city reported in the study.

    Just as demand has for several decades declined in manufacturing, occupations based on the `hard sciences’ increasingly face bleaker outlooks, while opportunities are more abundant in areas like marketing, advertising, and PR, which require more rhetorical skills, or in categories not requiring post-secondary education.

    August 4, 2007 at 8:31 pm

  10. DaPoet said,

    Hardly Naive Amfortas since throughout the western world each and every country that has embraced feminism has seen their fertility rates sharply decline well below the replacement level of their current populations…Government officials in Italy have been bemoaning their rapidly declining birthrates for quite some time now and Japan has closed thousands of schools due to the lack of children that need educating due to their low birthrates…So that it is quite clear that women and ?Societies who due to their ?Economic success forget or fail to reproduce are in the end:

    ?
    Economially Successful But Biological Failures

    Once again women are whining about just how
    unfair life is instead of taking responsibility for
    the consequences of their own choices. Blaming
    any and every one else or thing but especially men
    for their having missed the boat on having a baby
    before their fertility wanes and finely goes kaput.

    Even as little ago as twenty years I myself was
    well aware that the average woman had a
    biological clock. There were reports in the news
    that informed women that if they waited until
    their thirties to have a child. That the risk of
    having a genetically deformed child went up
    dramatically. While waiting until the age of
    thirty-five meant that only a lucky few women
    with the help of fertility drugs would actually
    conceive and give birth.

    Unfortunately the women that I grew up with and
    graduated from high school with. Have now
    discovered to their utter dismay that because they
    believed the lies of the feminists they will never be
    able to have children.

    Ever since its inception feminism has always
    down played the role of a wife and mother. While
    playing up those women who chose to put their
    careers ahead of marriage and their families. Now
    these women will pay a high price for listening
    and heeding to the bad advice feminists have been
    touting for so long.

    For many women who are considered a financial
    success are now so old that they aren’t considered
    good candidates for marriage. Nor will they ever
    be able to have children unless they are willing to
    use a donated egg from another woman. Because
    once a woman reaches her forties half or more of
    her eggs are chromosomally defective.

    Of course part of these women’s misperception
    that they could expect to get pregnant well into
    their forth and fifth decades. Lies with the news
    media who while making a big deal of women who
    did indeed become pregnant late in life. Failed to
    inform the public that these women became
    pregnant by using a much younger woman’s egg.

    Just a few weeks ago Leslie Stah profiled three
    financially successful women describing them as
    intelligent and attractive. Unfortunately all of
    these women were in their late thirties and forties
    and none were the least bit attractive. Indeed all
    three were dumpy and matronly clearly not good
    candidates for either marriage or motherhood.

    In fact their intelligence must be questioned as
    well since none of these women had been able to
    attract a mate or bring a child into this world.
    Especially since these women had either put off or
    simply forgotten to marry and have children until
    it was too late to do so.

    Unfortunately their plight and that of their sisters
    will only get worse over the next few decades.
    Already studies are showing that men are
    becoming increasing less interested in marriage
    and having children. Because of the way men are
    so often abused in the family court system. So
    that many men are concluding that it is better to
    stay single then to risk losing everything in a
    divorce.

    And who can really blame them when even I as the
    father of a twenty-three year old son can’t advise
    him to get married with a clear conscience. Yet
    women will and do blame men for abandoning
    them when it is these very same women who have
    caused their own problems.

    To these women I say it’s your own fault that you
    are a financial success but a biological failure. So
    stop whining and take a good look at yourselves
    in the mirror and change before insisting on and
    demanding that men change in order to please
    you.

    Copyright…DaPoet…August 5, 2007

    August 5, 2007 at 6:11 am

  11. Dittohd said,

    To DaPoet,

    >throughout the western world each and every country that has embraced feminism has seen their fertility rates sharply decline well below the replacement level of their current populations

    I can’t stand feminism as much or more than anyone else on this site, but I’m not sure we can blame the feminists solely for the decrease in fertility rates throughout the world.

    First of all, the last I looked, the U.S.’ replacement rates haven’t yet dipped below the 2.1 rate required to maintain current population numbers. Of course, maybe those numbers are being fudged as so many others are once the feminists get their hands on them. I’d like to see what they were here 40 years ago.

    As far as Japan, my wife is Japanese and I’ve spent about 9 years in Japan on and off and my impression was that they’re lowered fertility was due to the dissatisfaction of women. Children in Japan are very expensive to support through school because competition for entrance into good colleges is fierce. The Japanese people put such a high value on education and a large number, as a result, feel the need to put their children into supplemental schooling to help them do exceptionally well, which is expensive. Also, because in Japan, a majority of men are expected to stay very late both at the office and also socializing together with their fellow workers at night for the purpose of camaraderie, women are tired of shouldering all the responsibility for their children’s upbringing. How much of this is feminist propaganda? Maybe some. Maybe not. But from what I’ve seen, women aren’t feminized in Japan anything like here in the states.

    Also, I seem to remember articles a while back about declining sperm counts in men throughout the world.

    Furthermore, I suspect that declining fertility rates are probably the case in many countries that have not yet bought into feminism. Am I wrong on this?

    At any rate, the fault of the declining fertility rates throughout the world, I suspect, is a lot more complicated than just feminism. I’m sure your explanation is a contributing factor to the problem, but I think it’s one factor among several that we need to look at and work on.

    August 5, 2007 at 10:00 am

  12. Dittohd said,

    P.S. What do I think is the number one cause of lowered fertility and replacement rates? Abortion. OK! OK! That’s part of feminist. You got me on that one. Even in Japan, abortions are easy to get.

    August 5, 2007 at 10:07 am

  13. Dittohd said,

    P.S.P.S. After all that writing, we ended up with feminism as probably the predominant cause of the problem. So was my whole argument just one big waste of time? Maybe I just need to go back to bed and get a bit more sleep!

    August 5, 2007 at 10:16 am

  14. Dittohd said,

    P.S.P.S.P.S. Where’s the delete button on this site?

    August 5, 2007 at 10:17 am

  15. WLS said,

    The pay gap in favor of women is found only in those under thirty, who still have 15 to 20 + some years of childbearing ahead of them; it remains to be seen to what extent they will forgo reproduction in the long run.

    It’s true that economically developed countries usually have had declining birthrates, but most haven’t had income equality or women exceeding men economically.

    If it wasn’t for immigration, the US population would have declined over the past 30 years. (Resident Hispanics provide a small positive population growth; otherwise it would be negative. The vast bulk of the growth is the influx across the borders.)

    August 5, 2007 at 10:35 am

  16. DaPoet said,

    Women who go to work and become ecconomically successful tend to have less children and smaller families while women who are poorer and tend to stay home have more children and bigger families…

    Here in the states the fertility rate for whites is hovering at around the replacement rate while blacks and hispanics are growing…Thanks to immigration and higher minority birthrates by 2050 it is projected that together blacks and hispanics will be just above 50% of the total population…If this trend continues one can expect the political power of the white race to erode to the point of non exsistence by the beginning of the next century…And future historians will peg the rise of gender feminism in the 1960’s as the beginning of the end of the white race here in america…

    Dittohd I remember watching a report on the rise of the feminist movement in Italy and the laws and policies that the feminists were demanding…Then within just a few years I watched another news report on the falling birthrates in Italy and the rise of the mommas boy who didn’t get married until his forties…Putting these two stories together I was able to reason from the cause to the effect which is of course feminism…

    So in answer to your question: Yes it is the fault of the feminists…

    August 5, 2007 at 12:52 pm

  17. Dittohd said,

    To WLS,

    >If it wasn’t for immigration, the US population would have declined over the past 30 years. (Resident Hispanics provide a small positive population growth; otherwise it would be negative. The vast bulk of the growth is the influx across the borders.)

    I believe you’re right on that point, in spades. I’m sure that our representatives in Congress are well aware of this and it’s the reason we are having so much trouble getting them to close up our borders. Fewer taxpayers means less money for them to spend. And if the influx is uneducated, all the better. The more they’ll depend on big government to get by in life.

    August 6, 2007 at 9:10 am

  18. mruffolo said,

    Today our birth rate is a little over 2, that is, for two parents, two children are born. When the parents die, the kids replace them.

    If the birth rate is 1, that is, for two parents, one child is born. When the parents die, one parent is replaced. In this situation, without immigration, after a few generations, the country’s population would be halved.

    Reducing a country’s population is dangerous for business and government, because there would be fewer customers and tax-payers.

    Feminism aborts (kills developing children) and they have fewer children (about 1, 2 or 3 kids). Without immigration, feminism puts America at risk for growth and stability.

    August 6, 2007 at 9:29 am

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